As a result of Vitamin B Deficiency and Symptoms Caused

Vitamin B deficiency can cause various health problems, such as beriberi, tingling, to anemia. Vitamin B, like vitamin C, belongs to the water-soluble vitamin group. That means that B vitamins are not stored in the body and need to be consumed regularly. Vitamin B complex - ranging from B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9 to B12 - functions to help the body process and obtain energy from food consumed, maintain healthy muscles, eyes and nerves, produce enzymes, and is useful for forming red blood cells.

Impact of Vitamin B Deficiency

Vitamin B deficiency can cause various health problems. This depends on the type of B vitamins that are lacking in the body. The following are health problems that can occur due to lack of vitamin B intake:

1. Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the recommended intake of vitamin B1 per day ranges from 1 to 1.4 mg. Lack of vitamin B1 can cause beriberi and Wernicke's disease. Beriberi can be identified by symptoms of shortness of breath, abnormal eye movements, increased heart rate, swollen feet, and vomiting. Whereas Wernicke's disease affects the nervous system and causes shaded vision, impaired muscle coordination, and decreased mental function. If left untreated, Wernicke's disease can worsen and become Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome. Symptoms of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome can be in the form of hallucinations, amnesia, difficult eyes opened (ptosis), difficulty understanding information, loss of memory or unable to form new memories.

2. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)

Vitamin B2 functions to help the processing of energy from foods that contain carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Vitamin B2 is also important for the growth and production of red blood cells. As a treatment, vitamin B2 is believed to be effective in treating headaches and reducing the risk of cataracts. Recommended recommended intake of vitamin B2 is 1-1.5 mg per day. If you lack this one B vitamin, the body will lack other nutrients, such as iron and protein. In pregnant women, vitamin B2 deficiency can inhibit the growth of the baby in the womb and increase the risk of preeclampsia. Vitamin B2 deficiency can be identified by the appearance of symptoms such as anemia, red eyes, dry skin, chapped lips, mouth infections, and sensitive to light.

3. Vitamin B3 (niacin)

Vitamin B3 needs to be consumed as much as 10-15 mg per day. Without vitamin B3, the body will easily experience fatigue, indigestion, thrush, vomiting, fatigue, to depression. If severe, this type of vitamin B deficiency can cause pellagra disease which is characterized by scaly rashes on sun-affected areas of the skin, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, often tired body, depression, swollen mouth, bright red tongue, and difficulty concentrating. If left untreated, this disease can cause death.

4. Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

Recommended intake of vitamin B5 is 5 mg per day. Vitamin B5 deficiency is a rare case, because this vitamin can be found in almost all types of vegetables. But if it happens, people who lack this type of vitamin B will experience headaches, body feels tired, easy emotions, painful sensations in the arms or legs, nausea, hair loss, increased heart rate, and indigestion.

5. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

The recommended intake of vitamin B7 ranges from 1.3 - 1.5 mg per day. Vitamin B6 deficiency results in anemia and skin disorders, such as rashes or chapped around the mouth. Lack of vitamin B6 can also increase the risk of brain disorders such as depression, convulsions and confusion, nausea, muscle twitching, sores on the corners of the lips, tingling and pain in the hands and feet.

6. Vitamin B7 (biotin)

Biotin or vitamin B7 is a nutrient that plays a role in converting carbohydrates and fats into energy. In addition, biotin is also a nutrient needed by the body to maintain eye health and hair growth, regulate metabolism, and keep blood sugar levels stable. Lack of this one type of B vitamin can you recognize by the appearance of symptoms such as hair loss, dry skin, scaly rashes around the eyes or mouth, dry eyes, fatigue, and depression.

7. Vitamin B9 (folate)

Vitamin B9 deficiency can cause a decrease in the number of red blood cells or megaloblastic anemia. Recommended folate intake per day is 400 - 600 micrograms (mcg). Inadequate vitamin B9 in the body can cause a variety of health problems, such as the body feels tired, shortness of breath, gray hair, thrush, poor body growth, and tongue swelling.

8. Vitamin B12

Inadequate amount of vitamin B12 in the body is characterized by jaundice, anemia, loss of appetite, vision problems, constipation, irregular heartbeat, to shortness of breath. If you do not get treatment, vitamin B12 deficiency can cause complications in the form of infertility, senility, neural tube defects in the fetus, vision problems, to ataxia.

How to Meet the Needs of Vitamin B

To meet the daily needs of B vitamins, you can eat foods or drinks that contain this nutrient. Spinach, eggs, milk, chicken, and yogurt are examples of foods that are rich in vitamin B. Apart from food, B vitamin intake can also be obtained from various supplements or multivitamins. But to determine the type of supplement and its dosage, you need to consult a nutrition doctor. Your doctor will determine the type and dosage of vitamin B supplements that are appropriate to your health conditions, as well as making a list of the good foods you consume to meet your vitamin B needs.

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